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Museo de Bellas Artes. The Seville
Fine Arts Museum's collection of paintings, is inferior in Spain
only to that of the Prado in Madrid. It ranges from medieval
times to the twentieth century, and specialises in artists from
the Seville school: Herrera el Viejo, Zurbaran, Alonso Cano,
Murillo, Valdes Leal, and so on. International masters can also
be found, including Veronese, Titian, Andrea del Sarto, Rubens,
Poussin and Claudio de Lorena. The museum was originally a medieval
convent: Juan de Oviedo began renovation work on the church
and on the convent's three courtyards, displaying great skill
in organising the architectural space. The Magdalena parish
church, formerly the San Pablo convent.
The church's airy dome with its tiles, the pre-columbine images
in the bulbous cupola, the height and movement of the volumes,
is a beacon on the Seville skyline. This was originally a Dominican
convent. Leandro Figueroa transformed a three-nave medieval
church into a Baroque space of considerable height. It has a
cupola resting on an octagonal drum with an undulating movement
replete with decorative motifs. The interior houses previous
works: the Mudejar chapel of Nuestra Señora de la Quinta
Angustia, with a cupola and paintings from the era; the font
where Murillo was baptised; the processional images of the Descent
from the Cross; a Crucificado by Francisco de Ocampo; two excellent
paintings by Zurbaran; and sculptural carvings by the likes
of Pedro Roldan, Roque de Balduque, and so on. The Convent of
Santa Paula was founded in the fifteenth century.
The church combines Gothic, Mudejar and Renaissance elements
with Italian tiling. It is the most representative work in Seville
of the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella, the 'Catholic Kings'.
It contains altarpieces by Alonso Cano and sculptural carvings
by Martinez Montanes. The museum has two good sculpture and
painting galleries and, above all, the possibility of admiring
the convent's beautiful cloister from their windows. The bell
gable is a model for so many others that once existed in Seville;
built in brick and decorated with elegant tiling, it is made
up of two slim tiers. There are several Mudejar churches, built
in the fifteenth century, with their own distinctive personality
among the city's historical monuments. Built in brick, they
generally have three naves separated by pointed arches resting
on pillars, with wooden roofing, a chevet and transept. The
portals and apses are Gothic, and the towers are Mudejar. Particularly
interesting are those of Omnium Sanctorum, Santa Marina and
San Marcos, the tower of which is one of the most attractive
Mudejar monuments in Seville.
The Church of San Luis de Los Franceses, conceived with a general
character, is closely linKed to the Roman Baroque churches,
although the personality of Leandro de Figueroa also makes it
very much a Seville church. It employs barleysugar columns with
plain shafts. The cupola, possibly the most beautiful in Seville,
is a cylindrical space with a great sense of movement. The decorative
riches of cornucopias, reliquaries, gilded galleries and murals
add to the grandeur of this church, which was completed in 1731.
The Church of El Hospital de la Sangre, built as of 1588 by
Hernim Ruiz the Younger, had a great influence on the architecture
of Seville. Its monumental splendour and spatial sense are helped
by the sail vaults. It is now offices for the Parliament of
Andalusia.
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