JAEN Information: JAEN
JOURNEY INTO THE IBERIAN ERA |
Jaen First Memory
The province of Jaen possesses a total of 545 Iberian settlements.
Therefore, it is not surprising that our territory, situated around
the Upper Guadalquivir, is considered to be the main seat of one of
the most fascinating ancient cultures The Andalusian Centre of Iberian
Archaeology, established in the capital o fJaen in 1997, has worked
to construct a thematic route which touches on the birth of the Iberian
aristocracy, from the 7th Century before Christ, until the 3rd Century
before Christ, the moment in which Rome defeated the Iberian princes.
The point of departure of this tourist circuit is in Collado de los
Jardines, in the heart of the Nature Park of Despeñaperros.
A sanctuary from the 4th to the 3rd Centuries before Christ is located
here, which is very similar in characteristics and chronology to that
of the Altos del Sotillo, in the locality of Castellar. The journey
continues in the Monographic Museum of Castulo, in Linares, where
the Reception Centre of "Time Visitors" is located. The
museum visit is complemented by an itinerary that takes visitors around
the Iberian-Roman town of Castulo.
The third stop will be in Toya, in Peal de Becerro. A sepulchral chamber
dating from the 4th Century before Christ, the best preserved of its
kind in Spain, is located there. Moving on, the route penetrates the
lands of Sierra Magina. In the township of Huelma we find the Cerro
de El Pajarillo, a heroic sanctuary dating from the 4th Century before
Christ some of the most magnificent pieces of Iberian culture ever
seen, are found here, amongst them, the famous wolf head. The animal
art represented on the hill of El Pajarillo corresponds to a highly
symbolic heroic action. The group of sculptures as a whole, is presided
over by a hero armed with a falcata (a devastating sword), and the
wolf, preparing to enter into combat with him. The scene is complemented,
moreover, by other sculptures representing griffons and lions.
The fifth stop of the Journey into the Iberian Era is located in the
natural beauty spot of an Puente Tablas, in Jaen, where the archaeological
work of the last ten decades came upon an oppidum (a large iron-age
settlement of town-like proportions) dating from between the 3rd and
9th centuries before Christ. On thissite, we see the Iberians' need
to establish the first urban settlements. The Provincial Museum of
Jaen, seed of the forthcoming International Museum of Iberian Art
and Archaeology, represents the synthesis of this journey. In its
rooms one can admire the most remarkable pieces of archaeological
ensembles from El Pajarillo and Cerrillo Blanco. The last landmark
on the route is located in Porcuna. The necropolis of Cerrillo Blanco
and the theme park of Obulco are found to the northeast of this locality,
on the Arjonilla road.
Accidentally discovered in 1975, the site maintained more than 1,300
fragments buried in the ground, from which almost thirty odd sculptures
were reconstructed. It seems that these sculptures decorated a huge
mausoleum from the 5th Century before Christ, which was destroyed
only a few years after being erected, due to a social revolt against
the dominant class. In the Archaeological Museum of Porcuna, situated
in the two octagonal floors of the Tower of Boabdil, other pieces
originating from Cerrillo Blanco are exhibited. |
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